1. What is the Doctrine of Severability also known as?
2. What is the purpose of the Doctrine of Severability?
3. According to the Doctrine of Severability, what happens when a part of a law is declared unconstitutional?
4. What is the basis of the Doctrine of Severability?
5. What does Article 13(1) state regarding pre-constitution laws in relation to the Doctrine of Severability?
6. What does Article 13(2) state regarding post-constitution laws in relation to the Doctrine of Severability?
7. What did the Supreme Court state about the application of the Doctrine of Severability in its explanation?
8. What are the seven propositions (rules) laid down by the Supreme Court regarding the Doctrine of Severability?
9. What is the name of the case for A.K. Gopalan vs. State of Madras (1950) regarding the Doctrine of Severability?
10. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in A.K. Gopalan vs. State of Madras (1950) regarding severability?
11. What is the name of the case for State of Bombay vs. F.N. Balsara (1951) regarding the Doctrine of Severability?
12. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in State of Bombay vs. F.N. Balsara (1951) regarding severability?
13. What is the name of the case for R.M.D. Chamarbaugwalla vs. Union of India (1957) regarding the Doctrine of Severability?
14. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in R.M.D. Chamarbaugwalla vs. Union of India (1957) regarding severability?
15. What is the name of the case for Minerva Mills vs. Union of India (1980) regarding the Doctrine of Severability?
16. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in Minerva Mills vs. Union of India (1980) regarding severability?
17. What is the name of the case for Kihoto Hollohan vs. Zachillhu (1992) regarding the Doctrine of Severability?
18. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in Kihoto Hollohan vs. Zachillhu (1992) regarding severability?
19. What is the Doctrine of Waiver based on?
20. How is the Doctrine of Waiver defined?
21. Is the Doctrine of Waiver applicable to fundamental rights in India?
22. What is the implication of the non-waiver doctrine in India?
23. What are the six observations made by the Supreme Court regarding the application of the Doctrine of Waiver to India?
24. What is the name of the case for Behram Khurshid Pesikaka vs. State of Bombay (1954) regarding the Doctrine of Waiver?
25. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in Behram Khurshid Pesikaka vs. State of Bombay (1954) regarding waiver of fundamental rights?
26. What is the name of the case for Basheshar Nath vs. Commissioner of Income Tax (1958) regarding the Doctrine of Waiver?
27. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in Basheshar Nath vs. Commissioner of Income Tax (1958) regarding waiver of fundamental rights?
28. What is the name of the case for Olga Tellis vs. Bombay Municipal Corporation (1985) regarding the Doctrine of Waiver?
29. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in Olga Tellis vs. Bombay Municipal Corporation (1985) regarding waiver of fundamental rights?
30. What is the name of the case for Nar Singh Pal vs. Union of India (2000) regarding the Doctrine of Waiver?
31. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in Nar Singh Pal vs. Union of India (2000) regarding waiver of fundamental rights?
32. What has led to the emergence of the Doctrine of Eclipse?
33. What does Article 13(1) state regarding pre-Constitution laws in relation to the Doctrine of Eclipse?
34. What is the central notion of the Doctrine of Eclipse regarding inconsistent pre-constitutional laws?
35. For what purposes does an eclipsed law continue to exist?
36. What happens if the shadow cast on an eclipsed law is removed by a constitutional amendment?
37. When was the Doctrine of Eclipse enunciated by the Supreme Court, and in which case?
38. What was the issue in the Bhikaji case (1955) regarding the Motor Vehicles Act?
39. What was the Supreme Court’s final ruling in the Bhikaji case (1955) applying the doctrine of eclipse?
40. What does Article 13(2) state regarding post-Constitution laws?
41. In which case did the Supreme Court hold that the doctrine of eclipse applies only to pre-Constitution laws and not to post-Constitution laws?
42. What was the reasoning in the Deep Chand case (1959) for not applying the doctrine of eclipse to post-Constitution laws?
43. In which case did the Supreme Court reiterate its verdict from the Deep Chand case regarding the doctrine of eclipse?
44. What was the position in Ambica Mills case (1974) regarding the application of the doctrine of eclipse to post-Constitution law?
45. When did the Supreme Court apply the doctrine of eclipse to a post-Constitution law even against citizens?
46. What is the Doctrine of Territorial Nexus related to?
47. What powers does Parliament have regarding making laws for the territory of India?
48. What powers does a State Legislature have regarding making laws for the territory of the state?
49. When is an extra-territorial legislation made by a State Legislature considered valid?
50. What does the Doctrine of Territorial Nexus require for a state law to apply to an object not physically located within the state territory?
51. In which pre-Constitution cases was the doctrine of territorial nexus applied, and what was the related law?
52. In which post-Constitution case did the Supreme Court apply the doctrine of territorial nexus, and what was the related law?
53. What two important elements does the sufficiency of territorial nexus involve?
54. In which case did the Supreme Court apply the doctrine of territorial nexus to the sales-tax law?
55. How did the Supreme Court explain the Doctrine of Territorial Nexus in the NTPC case (2002)?
56. Is the Doctrine of Territorial Nexus applicable only to tax laws?
57. In which case did the Supreme Court hold that a State Legislature could make laws regarding charitable and religious trusts even if part of the property was outside the state?
58. In which case did the Supreme Court uphold the validity of the Gujarat Agricultural Land Ceiling Act (1960), which determined ceiling by taking into account land held outside the state?
59. What are the two situations in which the Doctrine of Territorial Nexus is not applicable?
60. What does Article 246 deal with?
61. What is the core principle of the Doctrine of Pith and Substance?
62. What factors are considered when applying the Doctrine of Pith and Substance?
63. Who evolved the Doctrine of Pith and Substance?
64. In which pre-Constitution case was the Doctrine of Pith and Substance applied, and what was the issue?
65. What did the Privy Council hold in the Prafulla Kumar case (1947)?
66. What principles did the Privy Council lay down in the Prafulla Kumar case for the Doctrine of Pith and Substance?
67. What is the name of the case for State of Bombay vs. F.N. Balsara (1951) regarding the Doctrine of Pith and Substance?
68. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in State of Bombay vs. F.N. Balsara (1951) regarding the Doctrine of Pith and Substance?
69. What is the name of the case for D.N. Banerji vs. P.R. Mukherjee (1952) regarding the Doctrine of Pith and Substance?
70. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in D.N. Banerji vs. P.R. Mukherjee (1952) regarding the Doctrine of Pith and Substance?
71. What is the name of the case for State of Rajasthan vs. G. Chawla (1958) regarding the Doctrine of Pith and Substance?
72. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in State of Rajasthan vs. G. Chawla (1958) regarding the Doctrine of Pith and Substance?
73. What is the name of the case for State of Gujarat vs. Shantilal Mangaldas (1969) regarding the Doctrine of Pith and Substance?
74. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in State of Gujarat vs. Shantilal Mangaldas (1969) regarding the Doctrine of Pith and Substance?
75. What is the name of the case for M. Ismail Faruqui vs. Union of India (1994) regarding the Doctrine of Pith and Substance?
76. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in M. Ismail Faruqui vs. Union of India (1994) regarding the Doctrine of Pith and Substance?
77. What is the name of the case for Zameer Ahmed Latifur Rehman Sheikh vs. State of Maharashtra (2010) regarding the Doctrine of Pith and Substance?
78. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in Zameer Ahmed Latifur Rehman Sheikh vs. State of Maharashtra (2010) regarding the Doctrine of Pith and Substance?
79. What is the Doctrine of Colourable Legislation also known as?
80. What is the core principle of the Doctrine of Colourable Legislation?
81. When would colourable legislation emerge?
82. What are the six propositions laid down by the Supreme Court regarding the Doctrine of Colourable Legislation?
83. What is the distinction between the doctrine of fraud on legislative power and the doctrine of fraud on the Constitution?
84. What is the name of the case for State of Bihar vs. Kameshwar Singh (1952) regarding the Doctrine of Colourable Legislation?
85. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in State of Bihar vs. Kameshwar Singh (1952) regarding the Doctrine of Colourable Legislation?
86. What is the name of the case for K.C. Gajupati Narayan Deo vs. State of Orissa (1953) regarding the Doctrine of Colourable Legislation?
87. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in K.C. Gajupati Narayan Deo vs. State of Orissa (1953) regarding the Doctrine of Colourable Legislation?
88. What is the name of the case for K.T. Moopil Nair vs. State of Kerala (1960) regarding the Doctrine of Colourable Legislation?
89. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in K.T. Moopil Nair vs. State of Kerala (1960) regarding the Doctrine of Colourable Legislation?
90. What is the name of the case for M.R. Balaji vs. State of Mysore (1962) regarding the Doctrine of Colourable Legislation?
91. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in M.R. Balaji vs. State of Mysore (1962) regarding the Doctrine of Colourable Legislation?
92. What is the Doctrine of Implied Powers also known as?
93. What maxim is the Doctrine of Implied Powers based on?
94. How does Black’s Law Dictionary define “implied power”?
95. What did Craies observe about the Doctrine of Implied Powers?
96. What did C.B. Pollock state about the Doctrine of Implied Powers?
97. What is the scope and effect of the Doctrine of Implied Powers as explained by the Supreme Court?
98. In which case did the Supreme Court hold that a judge of a State High Court has an implied power to revoke his resignation?
99. In which case did the Supreme Court hold that it has an implied power to reconsider its own judgments and allow curative petitions?
100. In which case did the Supreme Court hold that Parliament has an implied power to expel its members for contempt?
101. In which case did the Supreme Court hold that the Governor has implied power to lay down procedures for appointments of SPSC members?
102. What is the Doctrine of Implied Prohibition?
103. Is the Doctrine of Implied Prohibition applicable in India?
104. What is the Doctrine of Incidental and Ancillary Powers?
105. What are incidental and ancillary powers called in the USA and Australia?
106. How are entries in the three legislative lists to be read according to this doctrine?
107. Does the power to levy tax include the power to make provisions for checking tax evasion?
108. Does the power to legislate with respect to collection of rent include the power to legislate with respect to remission of rent?
109. Can the scope of incidental or ancillary power be extended to any unreasonable extent?
110. Does the power to levy tax include the power to confiscate goods?
111. Can the doctrine of incidental and ancillary powers be used as a cloak for extending legislative power to subjects explicitly mentioned in another list?
112. Can this doctrine be extended to the exercise of legislative power colourably or by fraud on the constitution?
113. What is the name of the case for Chaturbhuj vs. Union of India (1959) regarding the Doctrine of Incidental and Ancillary Powers?
114. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in Chaturbhuj vs. Union of India (1959) regarding the Doctrine of Incidental and Ancillary Powers?
115. What is the name of the case for Rai Ramkrishna vs. State of Bihar (1963) regarding the Doctrine of Incidental and Ancillary Powers?
116. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in Rai Ramkrishna vs. State of Bihar (1963) regarding the Doctrine of Incidental and Ancillary Powers?
117. What is the name of the case for Pathumma vs. State of Kerala (1978) regarding the Doctrine of Incidental and Ancillary Powers?
118. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in Pathumma vs. State of Kerala (1978) regarding the Doctrine of Incidental and Ancillary Powers?
119. What is the name of the case for State of Haryana vs. Sant Lal (1993) regarding the Doctrine of Incidental and Ancillary Powers?
120. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in State of Haryana vs. Sant Lal (1993) regarding the Doctrine of Incidental and Ancillary Powers?
121. What is the name of the case for Godfrey Phillips India Limited vs. State of U.P. (2005) regarding the Doctrine of Incidental and Ancillary Powers?
122. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in Godfrey Phillips India Limited vs. State of U.P. (2005) regarding the Doctrine of Incidental and Ancillary Powers?
123. What is the Doctrine of Precedent also known as?
124. What is the core principle of the Doctrine of Precedent?
125. What maxim expresses the Doctrine of Stare Decisis?
126. What is the underlying logic of the Doctrine of Precedent?
127. What does Article 141 of the Constitution state regarding the Doctrine of Precedent?
128. What is the implication of Article 141 for High Courts and subordinate courts?
129. What is the principle regarding the Supreme Court’s declaration of law, as explained by the Court itself?
130. What are the three propositions laid down by the Supreme Court regarding the Doctrine of Prospective Overruling?
131. What are the three objectives of the prospective declaration of law?
132. What is the primary criticism against the Doctrine of Prospective Overruling?
133. What is the Supreme Court’s response to the criticism that prospective overruling involves “legislation by courts”?
134. What is the legal and constitutional basis for the Doctrine of Prospective Overruling in India?
135. Was the Doctrine of Prospective Overruling upheld even after the Golak Nath judgment was overruled?
136. Has the Supreme Court extended the application of the doctrine of prospective overruling to matters arising under ordinary statutes?
137. What is an instance of the Doctrine of Prospective Overruling being applied to an ordinary statute?
138. In which case did the Supreme Court hold that the benefit of decisions would be given only to parties to cases pending before authorities from the date of judgment?
139. What is the Doctrine of Harmonious Construction?
140. What did Justice Venkatraama Aiyar observe about the Doctrine of Harmonious Construction?
141. What did Justice Mukherjea say about interpreting conflicting constitutional provisions?
142. What are the two points to understand the Doctrine of Harmonious Construction?
143. What are the six areas where the Supreme Court has applied the Doctrine of Harmonious Construction?
144. What was the Supreme Court’s observation regarding the application of the Doctrine of Harmonious Construction to fundamental rights and directive principles?
145. What was the Supreme Court’s observation regarding the application of the Doctrine of Harmonious Construction to the legislative lists in the Seventh Schedule?
146. What is the name of the case for Sri Venkataramana Devaru vs. State of Mysore (1957) regarding the Doctrine of Harmonious Construction?
147. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in Sri Venkataramana Devaru vs. State of Mysore (1957) regarding the Doctrine of Harmonious Construction?
148. What is the name of the case for M.S.M. Sharma vs. Krishna Sinha (1958) regarding the Doctrine of Harmonious Construction?
149. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in M.S.M. Sharma vs. Krishna Sinha (1958) regarding the Doctrine of Harmonious Construction?
150. What is the name of the case for O.N. Mohindroo vs. Bar Council of Delhi (1968) regarding the Doctrine of Harmonious Construction?
151. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in O.N. Mohindroo vs. Bar Council of Delhi (1968) regarding the Doctrine of Harmonious Construction?
152. What is the name of the case for D.A.V. College vs. State of Punjab (1971) regarding the Doctrine of Harmonious Construction?
153. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in D.A.V. College vs. State of Punjab (1971) regarding the Doctrine of Harmonious Construction?
154. What is the name of the case for Kesavananda Bharati vs. State of Kerala (1973) regarding the Doctrine of Harmonious Construction?
155. What was the Supreme Court’s judgment in Kesavananda Bharati vs. State of Kerala (1973) regarding the Doctrine of Harmonious Construction?
156. What is the Doctrine of Literal Interpretation also known as?
157. What is the core principle of the Doctrine of Literal Interpretation?
158. What did Justice Mukherjea say about interpreting the Constitution based on the Doctrine of Literal Interpretation?
159. What does the Doctrine of Literal Interpretation say about reading into the Constitution?
160. What is the Doctrine of Purposive Interpretation?
161. What sources throw light on the purposes and intent of the constitution-makers?
162. What did Sir Alladi Krishnaswamy Ayyar say about the Preamble?
163. What did the Supreme Court say about the Preamble in the Berubari Union case (1960)?
164. What did former Chief Justice of India, J.S. Verma, say about the interpretation of the Constitution?
165. What is the Doctrine of Creative Interpretation?
166. Which Supreme Court judgment is an important illustration of the Doctrine of Creative Interpretation?
167. How did the Supreme Court embark on a creative role in the Golak Nath case?
168. What did the Supreme Court say about its power to formulate legal doctrines in the Golak Nath case (1967)?
169. What is another significant manifestation of the Doctrine of Creative Interpretation?
170. What is the popular name of Bhikaji Narain Dhakras vs. State of M.P. (1955) (footnote 10)?
171. What does Article 13(2) read as, as per footnote 11?
172. What is the popular name of Deep Chand vs. State of U.P. (1959) (footnote 12)?
173. What is the popular name of Mahendra Lal Jain vs. State of U.P. (1962) (footnote 13)?
174. What is the popular name of State of Gujarat vs. Shri Ambica Mills Ltd. (1974) (footnote 15)?
175. What is the popular name of Dulare Lodh vs. IIIrd Additional District Judge, Kanpur (1984) (footnote 16)?
176. What is the popular name of Governor-General vs. Raleigh Investment company (1944) (footnote 17)?
177. What is the popular name of A.H. Wadia vs. Commissioner of Income-Tax (1949) (footnote 18)?
178. What is the popular name of Wallace Brothers and Company Limited vs. Commissioner of Income-Tax (1948) (footnote 19)?
179. What is the popular name of State of Bombay vs. R.M.D. Chamarbaugwalla (1957) (footnote 20)?
180. What is the popular name of Tata Iron and Steel Company vs. State of Bihar (1958) (footnote 21)?
181. What is the popular name of State of A.P. vs. National Thermal Power Corporation Limited (2002) (footnote 22)?
182. What is the popular name of State of Bihar vs. Charusila Dasi (1959) (footnote 23)?
183. What is the popular name of Shrikant Bhalchandra Karulkar vs. State of Gujarat (1994) (footnote 24)?
184. What is the popular name of Khazan Singh vs. State of U.P. (1973) (footnote 25)?
185. What is the popular name of A.S. Krishna vs. State of Madras (1956) (footnote 27)?
186. What is the popular name of Prafulla Kumar Mukherjee vs. Bank of Commerce (1947) (footnote 28)?
187. What is the popular name of K.C. Gajapati Narayan Deo vs. State of Orissa (1953) (footnote 29)?
188. What is the popular name of State of Bihar vs. Kameshwar Singh (1952) (footnote 30)?
189. What is the popular name of S.S. Bola vs. B.D. Sardana (1997) (footnote 31)?
190. What is the popular name of Bidi, Bidi Leaves and Tobacco Merchants Association vs. State of Bombay (1961) (footnote 33)?
191. What is the popular name of Union of India vs. Gopal Chandra Misra (1978) (footnote 34)?
192. What is the popular name of Rupa Ashok Hurra vs. Ashok Hurra (2002) (footnote 35)?
193. What is the popular name of Raja Ram Pal vs. Speaker of the Lok Sabha (2007) (footnote 36)?
194. What is the popular name of State of Punjab vs. Salil Sabhlok (2013) (footnote 37)?
195. What is the popular name of Commissioner of Commercial Taxes vs. R.S. Jhaver (1967) (footnote 40)?
196. What is the popular name of United Provinces vs. Atiqa Begum (1941) (footnote 41)?
197. What is the popular name of Check Post Officer vs. K.P. Abdulla (1970) (footnote 42)?
198. What is the popular name of R.M.D. Chamarbaugwalla vs. State of Mysore (1961) (footnote 43)?
199. What is the popular name of Shanker Raju vs. Union of India (2011) (footnote 45)?
200. What is the popular name of Waman Rao vs. Union of India (1980) (footnote 46)?
201. What is the popular name of Director of Settlements, A.P. vs. M.R. Apparao (2002) (footnote 47)?
202. What is the popular name of Suganthi Suresh Kumar vs. Jagdeeshan (2002) (footnote 48)?
203. What is the popular name of Krishena Kumar vs. Union of India (1990) (footnote 49)?
204. What is the popular name of Assistant Collector of Central Excise vs. Dunlop India Limited (1984) (footnote 50)?
205. What is the popular name of Government of Andhra Pradesh vs. A.P. Jaiswal (2000) (footnote 51)?
206. What is the popular name of Union of India vs. Raghubir Singh (1989) (footnote 52)?
207. What is the popular name of Hari Singh vs. State of Haryana (1993) (footnote 53)?
208. What is the popular name of Dwarikesh Sugar Industries Limited vs. Prem Heavy Engineering Works Limited (1997) (footnote 54)?
209. What is the popular name of Ganga Sugar Corporation vs. State of U.P. (1979) (footnote 55)?
210. What is the popular name of Hindustan Lever vs. State of Maharashtra (2003) (footnote 56)?
211. What is the popular name of State of Rajasthan vs. Vatan Medical and General Store (2001) (footnote 59)?
212. What is the popular name of M. Karunanidhi vs. Union of India (1979) (footnote 61)?
s Mar Appraem Kuri Company Limited (2012) (footnote 62)?
214. What is the popular name of Hoechst Pharmaceuticals Limited vs. State of Bihar (1983) (footnote 63)?
215. What is the popular name of Kesavananda Bharati vs. State of Kerala (1973) (footnote 83)?
216. What is the popular name of Calcutta Gas Co. vs. State of West Bengal (1962) (footnote 84)?
217. What is the popular name of Attorney-General for New South Wales vs. Brewerry Employees Union (1908) (footnote 85)?
218. What is the popular name of Life Insurance Corporation of India vs. Manubhai D. Shah (1992) (footnote 86)?
219. What is the popular name of Elel Hotels and Investments Limited vs. Union of India (1989) (footnote 87)?
220. What is the popular name of Chiranjit Lal Chowdhary vs. Union of India (1950) (footnote 88)?
221. What is the popular name of A.K. Gopalan vs. State of Madras (1950) (footnote 90)?
222. What is the popular name of S.R. Chaudhuri vs. State of Punjab (2001) (footnote 92)?
223. What is the popular name of J.S. Verma, New Dimensions of Justice, Universal, 2000 (footnote 93)?
224. What is the popular name of I.C. Golak Nath vs. State of Punjab (1967) (footnote 94)?
225. What is the popular name of Kesavananda Bharati vs. State of Kerala (1973) (footnote 96)?