Chapter 89 Foreign Policy

1. What is the purpose of India’s foreign policy?

2. What factors determine India’s foreign policy?

3. What is the primary aim of India’s foreign policy regarding international peace and security?

4. Which Article of the Constitution (Directive Principles of State Policy) directs the Indian State to promote international peace and security?

5. Why is peace necessary for India’s foreign policy objectives?

6. What is India’s stance on colonialism and imperialism?

7. What was India’s role in the liquidation of colonialism in Afro-Asian countries?

8. What is India’s stance on neo-colonialism and neo-imperialism?

9. What is an important aspect of Indian foreign policy regarding racialism?

10. How did India demonstrate its opposition to South Africa’s apartheid policy?

11. What was India’s role in the liberation of Zimbabwe (earlier Rhodesia) and Namibia?

12. What policy did India adopt after becoming independent in 1947, given the world’s division into two ideological blocs?

13. What did Jawaharlal Nehru state about India’s non-alignment policy?

14. What are the three meanings of India’s non-alignment policy?

15. What does “Panchsheel” imply?

16. In which treaty was Panchsheel embodied, and who signed it?

17. What are the five principles of Panchsheel?

18. Which countries adopted Panchsheel?

19. What are considered India’s greatest contributions to the theory and practice of international relations?

20. What is India’s special bias in its foreign policy, despite maintaining friendly relations with all countries?

21. What does India aim for regarding Afro-Asian nations?

22. When did India call the first Asian Relations Conference?

23. What was India’s role in the Indonesian freedom issue?

24. What was India’s role in the Afro-Asian Conference at Bandung?

25. What international groups did India play an important role in forming?

26. What name did India earn from many of its neighbouring countries?

27. When did India declare the continuation of her full membership of the Commonwealth of the Nations?

28. Does India’s membership in the Commonwealth affect its sovereignty?

29. Why did India remain a member of the Commonwealth?

30. What is the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) also known as?

31. When did India host the CHOGM?

32. When did India become a member of the UNO?

33. What aspects of India’s role in the UNO are highlighted?

34. Who was elected as the President of the UN General Assembly from India in 1953?

35. In which UN Peace-keeping missions did India actively participate?

36. What is India’s current demand regarding the UN Security Council?

37. What is India’s stance on arms race and disarmament?

38. What is the purpose of India’s advocacy for disarmament?

39. When did India take the initiative of holding a six-nation summit for nuclear disarmament?

40. What is India’s stance on the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT) of 1968 and the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) of 1996?

41. What is the Gujral Doctrine?

42. What is the core principle of the Gujral Doctrine?

43. What are the five principles of the Gujral Doctrine?

44. What was the logic behind the Gujral Doctrine, as explained by Gujral himself?

45. What is the first principle of India’s nuclear doctrine?

46. What is India’s posture regarding the first use of nuclear weapons?

47. How would India retaliate to a first strike with nuclear weapons?

48. Who can authorize nuclear retaliatory attacks?

49. What is India’s policy on the non-use of nuclear weapons against other states?

50. What is India’s policy on retaliation in the event of a major attack by biological or chemical weapons?

51. What is India’s stance on export controls for nuclear and missile-related materials and technologies, and on the Fissile Material Cutoff Treaty?

52. What is India’s commitment regarding nuclear tests?

53. What is India’s broader commitment regarding a nuclear-weapon-free world?

54. What is the composition of the Nuclear Command Authority?

55. Who chairs the Political Council of the Nuclear Command Authority, and what is its function?

56. Who chairs the Executive Council of the Nuclear Command Authority, and what are its functions?

57. When did India launch the “Connect Central Asia” Policy?

58. What is the aim of the “Connect Central Asia” Policy?

59. Which countries are included in the Central Asian countries for this policy?

60. What are the features (or elements) of India’s “Connect Central Asia” policy?

61. How does India’s “Connect Central Asia” policy align with its broader foreign policy?

62. What is India’s hope regarding its membership in regional forums like the SCO?

63. When did the Modi Government upgrade India’s “Look East Policy” and rename it?

64. When was the “Look East Policy” first initiated, and by whom?

65. What are the features (or elements) of India’s “Act East Policy”?

66. What does “international milieu” include, as per footnote 1?

67. When did India re-establish full diplomatic relations with South Africa, and why?

68. What is the source of A.S. Narang’s work on Indian Government and Politics, as per footnote 3?

69. What is the source of the information on India’s nuclear doctrine, as per footnote 4?

70. What is the source of the information on India’s “Connect Central Asia” policy, as per footnote 5?

71. What is the source of the information on India’s “Act East Policy,” as per footnote 6?