Chapter 12 Basic Structure of the Constitution

1. When did the question of whether Fundamental Rights can be amended by Parliament first come up for consideration?

2. What case challenged the constitutional validity of the First Amendment Act (1951)?

3. What did the Supreme Court rule in the Shankari Prasad case (1951)?

4. What did the Supreme Court re-affirm in the Sajjan Singh case (1964)?

5. What case reversed the Supreme Court’s earlier stand on amending Fundamental Rights?

6. What did the Supreme Court rule in the Golak Nath case (1967)?

7. How did the Parliament react to the Supreme Court’s judgement in the Golak Nath case (1967)?

8. What did the 24th Amendment Act (1971) declare?

9. What case overruled the Supreme Court’s judgement in the Golak Nath case (1967)?

10. What new doctrine did the Supreme Court lay down in the Kesavananda Bharati case (1973)?

11. What did the Supreme Court rule regarding Parliament’s constituent power under Article 368?

12. What did the Supreme Court reaffirm and apply in the Indira Nehru Gandhi case (1975)?

13. What did the Supreme Court invalidate in the Indira Nehru Gandhi case (1975)?

14. How did the Parliament react to the doctrine of ‘basic structure’?

15. What did the 42nd Amendment Act (1976) declare regarding Parliament’s constituent power?

16. What did the Supreme Court invalidate in the Minerva Mills case (1980)?

17. What did the Supreme Court hold in the Minerva Mills case (1980) regarding Parliament’s amending power?

18. What did the Supreme Court adhere to in the Waman Rao case (1980)?

19. What did the Supreme Court clarify in the Waman Rao case (1980) regarding the basic structure doctrine’s applicability?

20. What is the present position regarding Parliament’s power to amend the Constitution?

21. Has the Supreme Court defined or clarified what constitutes the ‘basic structure’ of the Constitution?

22. What are the elements of the ‘basic structure’ or ‘basic features’ of the Constitution that have emerged from various judgements?

23. What case is Shankari Prasad vs. Union of India?

24. What case is Sajjan Singh vs. State of Rajasthan?

25. What case is Golak Nath vs. State of Punjab?

26. What case is Kesavananda Bharati vs. State of Kerala?

27. What case is Indira Nehru Gandhi vs. Raj Narain?

28. What case is Minerva Mills vs. Union of India?

29. What case is Waman Rao vs. Union of India?

30. What does Article 32 deal with?

31. What does Article 136 deal with?

32. What does Article 141 deal with?

33. What does Article 142 deal with?

34. What does Article 226 deal with?

35. What does Article 227 deal with?

36. What case is Central Coal Fields Ltd., vs. Jaiswal Coal Co.?

37. What case is Bhim Singhji vs. Union of India?

38. What case is S.P. Sampath Kumar vs. Union of India?

39. What case is P. Sambamurthy vs. State of A.P.?

40. What case is Delhi Judicial Service Association vs. State of Gujarat?

41. What case is Indra Sawhney vs. Union of India?

42. What case is Kumar Padma Prasad vs. Union of India?

43. What case is Kihoto Hollohan vs. Zachillhu?

44. What case is Raghunath Rao vs. Union of India?

45. What case is S.R. Bommai vs. Union of India?

46. What case is L. Chandra Kumar vs. Union of India?

47. What case is Indra Sawhney II vs. Union of India?

48. What case is All India Judge’s Association vs. Union of India?

49. What case is Kuldip Nayar vs. Union of India?

50. What case is M. Nagaraj vs. Union of India?

51. What case is I.R. Coelho vs. State of Tamil Nadu?

52. What case is Ram Jethmalani vs. Union of India?

53. What case is Namit Sharma vs. Union of India?

54. What case is Madras Bar Association vs. Union of India?