Chapter 10 Fundamental Duties

1. What was the original status of fundamental duties in the Constitution?

2. What form did the framers of the Constitution incorporate the duties of the State in?

3. When were the fundamental duties of citizens added to the Constitution?

4. When was one more Fundamental Duty added?

5. From which Constitution are the Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution inspired?

6. Which democratic Constitution is perhaps the only one in the world that contains a list of duties of citizens?

7. What was the stance of socialist countries on fundamental rights and duties?

8. What did the Constitution of erstwhile USSR declare regarding citizens’ rights and freedoms?

9. When was the Sardar Swaran Singh Committee set up, and for what purpose?

10. What did the Swaran Singh Committee recommend?

11. What Act did the Congress Government enact based on these recommendations?

12. What new part was added to the Constitution by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act in 1976?

13. What did this new part consist of?

14. How many Fundamental Duties did the Swaran Singh Committee suggest, and how many were included by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act (1976)?

15. What were some of the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee that were not accepted?

16. What does Article 51A state regarding the duty of every citizen of India?

17. Which Fundamental Duty was added by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002?

18. What are the characteristics of the Fundamental Duties?

19. What are the criticisms of the Fundamental Duties?

20. What are the significant aspects of Fundamental Duties?

21. What did the Supreme Court hold in Mohan Kumar Singhania case (1991)?

22. What did the court observe in the Ramlila Maidan Incident case (2012)?

23. What did H.R. Gokhale, the then Law Minister, say about incorporating the fundamental duties?

24. What did Indira Gandhi, the then Prime Minister, say about the inclusion of fundamental duties?

25. What was the stance of the new Janata Government on fundamental duties after the emergency?

26. What did the Verma Committee on Fundamental Duties of the Citizens (1999) identify?

27. What are some of the legal provisions identified by the Verma Committee for implementing Fundamental Duties?

28. What Fundamental Rights are available to all persons (citizens or foreigners)?

29. What did D.D. Chawla observe about the vagueness of fundamental duties?

30. What did C.K. Daphtary say about the inclusion of fundamental duties in the Constitution?

31. What case is Mohan Kumar Singhania vs. Union of India?

32. What case is Re, Ramlila Maidan Incident?

33. What was the Untouchability (Offences) Act known as till 1976?