• FTAs are a key component of India’s trade and foreign policy, especially from 2003-04 onwards.
  • They are preferential arrangements where members reduce tariffs on trade among themselves.
  • Significance:
    • Increase trade with FTA countries.
    • Provide preferential market access for Indian exports.
    • Help diversify trade partners.
    • Can boost specific sectors through tariff reductions.
    • However, India’s FTAs have increased imports more than exports.
    • India maintains relatively high tariffs, leading to larger tariff reductions after signing FTAs.