- Where after general elections to the assembly, no party secures a majority, that is, ‘Hung Assembly’.
- Where the party having a majority in the assembly declines to form a ministry and the governor cannot find a coalition ministry.
- Where a ministry resigns after its defeat in the assembly and no other party is willing or able to form a ministry.
- Where a constitutional direction of the Central government is disregarded by the state government.
- Internal subversion where a government deliberately acts against the Constitution or foments a violent revolt.
- Physical breakdown where the government wilfully refuses to discharge its constitutional obligations endangering the security of the state.