• MFN Exceptions: While exceptions exist for developing countries (GSP), they are unilaterally determined by developed countries.
  • Trade-offs: Package approach in negotiations can force developing countries to compromise on sensitive issues.
  • Dispute Settlement: Economically more powerful members may not be harmed by trade concession suspensions.
  • Impact of Agreements: Agreements like ITA have been discouraging for India, potentially wiping out domestic industries.
  • E-commerce: India is against permanent moratorium on customs duties on electronic transmissions, fearing revenue loss and inability to compete.
  • Rules of Origin: Concerns that FTAs (like RCEP) lack proper provisions, allowing dumping.
  • Market Access: Developing countries may not get enough access for their labor and services in developed markets.
  • Intellectual Property: TRIPS may make essential goods (like drugs) costly due to patent protection.