• Inter-state Trade:
    • Transformed India into one unified common market.
    • Removed inter-state check posts (Entry Tax).
    • Reduced compliance scrutiny for inter-state movement of goods.
    • Facilitated seamless movement of goods across states.
  • Federal Fiscal Relations:
    • States gave up right to impose sales tax, Centre gave up excise/service tax.
    • Both get a share of unified GST collected nationally.
    • GST Council (Centre and State ministers) makes joint decisions.
    • This fostered “cooperative federalism”.
    • GST Compensation Cess was introduced to address state revenue shortfalls.
    • Supreme Court ruled GST Council recommendations are recommendatory, not binding.