• In a planned economy, there was a felt need to raise the investment rate.
  • Financial sectors were incomplete, lacking full range of markets and institutions.
  • DFIs acted as “gap-fillers” for long-term finance.
  • They provided finance for infrastructure and industry, agriculture, and SMEs.
  • They supported sectors where expected returns were lower than market rates.
  • They helped direct resources to preferred sectors as per plan priorities.