• High Cost: High initial investment for smart farming technologies.
  • Lack of Technical Expertise: Farmers may lack knowledge and skills.
  • Not Applicable for Small Holdings: Difficult/costly for small land holdings (major problem in India).
  • Heterogeneity: Diverse cropping systems make uniform application challenging.
  • Digital Divide: Access to internet, smartphones, and digital literacy in rural areas.
  • Infrastructure: Lack of reliable power and connectivity.