- Climate: Temperature, amount, and reliability of rainfall influence which crops can be grown in a season.
- Soil: Soil type and fertility determine suitability for different crops.
- Water Availability: Access to irrigation is crucial for multiple cropping and specific crops.
- These factors, along with terrain, topography, and slope, cause cropping patterns to vary from region to region.
- For example, monocropping may occur where irrigation is unavailable.