• Stable Trade Policy Regime: Tendency to use trade policy for short-term goals (taming inflation, price support).
    • Ad-hoc bans or MEP for onion/rice exports.
    • Distorts India’s image as a reliable supplier.
  • Infrastructure and Logistics: High expenses towards logistics handling (14-15% of cost).
    • Inadequate pre-harvest/post-harvest facilities, storage, roads, ports.
  • Cluster Development: Small landholding pattern and low farmer awareness.
    • Limits volumes of quality produce with standardization.
  • Value Added Exports: India’s export basket dominated by products with little processing.
  • Ease of Doing Business: Scattered market intelligence, lengthy documentation, operational procedures at ports.
  • SPS and TBT Response Mechanism: Issues relating to market access take months/years.
    • Lack of recognition of Indian testing procedures.
  • Sea Protocol: Need to develop sea protocols for perishables for long-distance markets.
  • Conformity Assessment: Many importing countries don’t recognize India’s inspection processes.