• Initially, barter exchanges were cumbersome.
  • Gold and silver became money due to limited supply.
  • Problems arose with physical gold (supply not keeping pace, carrying heavy gold).
  • Paper slips (currency notes) backed by gold emerged, issued by trusted persons (RBI).
  • RBI now issues notes backed by other assets (government securities, foreign currency).
  • Commercial banks were created as a layer between RBI and public.
  • This evolution facilitated transactions for increasing goods and services.
  • It made the financial system more manageable and efficient.