- Transformation:
- Introduced High Yielding Variety (HYV) seeds, fertilizers, pesticides.
- Improved irrigation facilities and modern agricultural techniques.
- Production of food grains increased from 74 MT (1966-67) to 105 MT (1971-72).
- India became self-sufficient in food grains, imports declined to nearly zero.
- Spread to new areas like eastern UP, Andhra Pradesh, and eastern region.
- Limitations:
- The text states that Green Revolution was supported by “huge Govt. led subsidies” (MSP, fertilizer, electricity, water).
- This implies it was a government-led boom, not market reforms.
- Such support is not sustainable for a large country in the long run.
- It led to distortions and environmental problems (e.g., water extraction, pesticides).
- It did not lead to market reforms in agriculture.