• Principles:
    • Soil has all nutrients plants need; microorganisms make them available.
    • Farming with Nature and without chemicals.
    • Aims to end reliance on loans and cut production costs.
  • Practices (Four Wheels of ZBNF):
    • Bijamrit: Microbial coating of seeds with cow urine and cow dung formulations.
    • Jivamrit (Jeevamrutha): Enhancement of soil microbes using inoculum of cow dung, cow urine, and jaggery.
    • Mulching: Covering soil with crops or crop residues to create humus and encourage microbes.
    • Waaphasa: Building up soil humus to increase soil aeration.
  • Other Practices: Multi-cropping encouraged, no ploughing, no tilling, no weeding.