- Unutilized Land: Significant shortfalls in achieving socio-economic objectives.
- Multiple Models: Existence of multiple economic zones (CEZ, DMIC, NIMZ, Food Parks).
- Domestic Sales Disadvantage: SEZs pay full customs duty on domestic sales, unlike lower rates with FTAs.
- Foreign Exchange Requirement: Domestic firms pay in foreign exchange for services from SEZ units.
- Policy Flip-flop: Government’s inconsistent policy on tax exemptions.
- Lack of Flexibility: To utilize land in SEZs for different sectors.
- CAG Criticism: Report highlighted significant shortfalls in objectives.