• Regressive Nature: Richer households often benefit more due to higher consumption.
  • Market Distortion: Prices lose their role in allocating scarce resources efficiently.
    • Example: MSP for wheat/rice leads to under-cultivation of other crops.
  • Leakages: Prone to diversion and waste of government resources.
    • Example: Diversion of subsidized urea to neighboring countries or chemical companies.
  • Inefficiency: No motivation for manufacturers to reduce costs or become efficient.
  • Fiscal Burden: Can lead to significant government expenditure.