- Definition: Cultivation of horticulture crops in a controlled environment.
- Also known as Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA).
- Differences from Traditional Farming:
- Environment Control: Protected cultivation manipulates factors like temperature, humidity, light, soil, water, fertilizers. Traditional farming depends on natural conditions.
- Yield/Season: Aims for maximum produce and regular supply even during off-season. Traditional farming is seasonal and yield depends on natural factors.
- Protection: Protects plants from abiotic stress (intense heat, strong winds, cold waves) and biotic factors (pests, diseases). Traditional farming is exposed to these.
- Water Use: Encourages efficient water use.
- Pesticide Use: Minimizes pesticide use.